Daidzein Supplementation Decreases Serum Triglyceride and Uric Acid Concentrations in Hypercholesterolemic Adults with the Effect on Triglycerides Being Greater in Those with the GA Comparedwith the GGGenotype of ESR-b RsaI

Daidzein (one of the major isoflavones) can be metabolized to equol in certain individuals. The effects of isoflavones alone and equol status on lipid profiles are still controversial. To evaluate the 6-mo effects of daidzein on cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic individuals and the interactions of these effects with equol status and estrogen receptor (ESR) genotypes, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial consisting of 210 hypercholesterolemic adults (40–65 y old). The participants were randomly assigned (177 completed) to consume placebo, 40 mg daidzein (DAI40), or 80 mg daidzein (DAI80) daily for 6 mo. Daidzein decreased serum triglycerides (TGs) by 0.156 0.62 mmol/L (mean 6 SD) and 0.246 0.61 mmol/L and decreased serum uric acid by 236 47 mmol/L and 296 44 mmol/L in the DAI40 and DAI80 groups, respectively. These reductions in the DAI40 andDAI80 groupswere greater than those in the placebo group (P < 0.05). Other blood lipids, glucose, insulin, or glycated hemoglobin did not significantly change after daidzein treatment. No dosedependent effects of daidzein were found. The reduction of TGs was influenced by the ESR genotype, with a greater effect observed in participants with the GA genotype compared with those with the GG genotype of ESR-b RsaI. These effects were not influenced by equol status. Six-month supplementation of daidzein significantly decreased TGs and uric acid. ESR-b RsaI genotype, not equol status, influenced daidzein s effects on TGs. Daidzein consumption may be effective to improve cardiovascular risk factors, especially in adults with the GA genotype of ESR-b RsaI. This trial was registered at the Chinese clinical trial registry as ChiCTR-TRC-10001048. J. Nutr. 144: 49–54, 2014.